Reinis un Matīss Kaudzītes

person

Biography

Reinis (1839–1920) and Matīss (1848–1926) Kaudzīte were teachers and active members of society, who were born and worked in the picturesque town of Vecpiebalga in central Latvia. The brothers opened a school there, organised cultural events, and created their own literary and pedagogical texts. The Kaudzīte Brothers can be considered typical of late 19th century Latvians who worked to educate society and increase national self-awareness, and can be seen as local “Renaissance men”. Though  they worked in many different fields, the main goal of the brothers was to generate and engrain in Latvians the belief that they were a nation with their own values and able to compete with Russians and Germans who, at that time, effectively controlled life in the territory of present-day Latvia. Modern Latvian culture was practically non-existent at the time, and so many Latvian intellectuals and writers worked to create this culture from almost nothing or, more precisely, by basing it on examples from other nations and giving these a Latvian quality. One of the means by which the Kaudzīte Brothers wished to achieve their aims was through literature. They wrote school textbooks, poetry, literary critiques, travel narratives, aphorisms, various articles on topics relating to social criticism and history, and so on. This diversity was essential, as they aimed to be as effective as possible in filling and expanding the somewhat negligible range and significance of this layer of Latvian culture.

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Bibliography

Prose
Izjurieši : Malienas romāns septiņās nodaļās [From the Sea: a novel in seven chapters] (1928)
Mērnieku laiki [The Time of the Surveyors] (1879)

Educational literature
Vecpiebalga (1926)
Atmiņas no "tautiskā laikmeta" un viņa lielākiem aizgājušiem darbiniekiem [Memories from the "National Era"] (1924)
Somija [Finland] (1901)
Atslēga mazā Volpera vārdiem un teikumiem [The Key to Volper Words and Sentences] (1893)
Garīgs skolas draugs [Spiritual School Friend] (1892)
Bībeles stāsti tautas skolām [Bible Stories for Schools] (1889)
Baznīcas vēsture [History of Church] (1889)
Krievu valsts attīstības gājums, jeb, Krievijas vēstures pārskats [Review of the History of Russia] (1887)
Ģeogrāfija tautas skolām [Geography for Schools] (1885)
Sistemātiski sakārtota vācu-latviešu-krievu-igauņu vārdnīca [German-Latvian-Russian-Estonian Dictionary] (1885)
Gadu skaitļi iz vispārīgās vēstures [General History Years] (1883)
Sēta un māja [Village and House] (1882)
Domas par tautiskas dzejas nodibināšanu [Thoughts on National Poetry] (1881)
Brāļu draudze Vidzemē [Brothers' Parish in Vidzeme] (1877)

Collected works
Vija no kopotiem Kaudzītes Reiņa un Kaudzītes Matīsa rakstu darbiem [Collected works of Kaudzīte Brothers] (1898-1903)

Poetry
Smaidi un asaras, jeb dzejnieku labdienas [Smiles and Tears or Poet Greetings] (1880)
Kaudzītes Matīsa dzejoļi [Poms by Matīss Kaudzīte] (1877)

Plays
Miers mājā! [Peace at Home!] (1880)

Songs
Kaudzītes Matīsa dziesmiņas [Songs by Matīss Kaudzīte] (1872)

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